汶川地震极重灾区780名受灾群众心理状况调查_《中国循证医学杂志》

作者：

赵高锋 ¹ , 杨彦春 ¹ , 张树森 ¹ ,  邓红 ¹ , 朱燕 ² , 任正伽 ¹ , 张伟 ¹ , 孙学礼 ¹ , 李海民 ¹ , 刘传新 ³ , 王梅 ⁴ , 岳莉莉 ¹ , 刘善明 ¹ , 张倬秋 ¹ , 陶庆兰 ¹ , 陈颖 ¹ , 徐加军 ¹ , 毕建强 ¹ , 何莹莹 ¹

1. 四川大学华西医院心理卫生中心（成都 610041）；2. 成都市第四人民医院（成都 610036）；3. 济宁医学院（济宁 272013）；4. 成都市铁路局（成都 610081）;

关键词：

汶川地震心理状况急性应激障碍 PTSD检查量表平民版

DOI：

10.7507/1672-2531.20080182

视频：

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目的　了解汶川地震受灾群众的受灾情况及心理状况，为进一步开展心理干预提供依据。
方法　采用横断面调查方法，对成都市2个临时居住点极重灾区受灾群众登记人口学背景、受灾情况及PTSD（Post-traumaticstress disorder）检查量表平民版（PCL-C）评估，依据DSM-Ⅳ的诊断标准，进行急性应激障碍（ASD）临床检查。
结果　 780名受灾群众完成登记评估。在完成登记的资料中729份有效，其中450份PCL-C有效；男女比例为1:1.31。平均年龄36.73±20.82 岁；9.5% 患有躯体疾病，9.7% 生活需人协助，70.7%被动和没有参加社区活动，9.1%严重心理问题。ASD的发生率为30.9%（139/450），PCL-C ≥ 38 分有186（41.3%）例，PCL-C ≥ 45 分有100（22.2%）例，PCL-C ≥ 50 分者有83(18.4%) 例，PCL-C ≥ 45 分筛查结果与临床诊断结果一致性检验较好（Kappa=0.780，P=0.033）。ASD 组和非ASD 组性别构成比差异无统计学意义（P gt;0.05），ASD组与非ASD组年龄差异有统计学意义（P lt;0.05）。
结论　来自地震极重灾区的受灾群众较早出现了心理问题。在生命救助的同时，应该尽早关注他们的心理问题。

引用本文： 赵高锋,杨彦春,张树森,邓红,朱燕,任正伽,张伟,孙学礼,李海民,刘传新,王梅,岳莉莉,刘善明,张倬秋,陶庆兰,陈颖,徐加军,毕建强,何莹莹. 汶川地震极重灾区780名受灾群众心理状况调查. 中国循证医学杂志, 2008, 08(10): 815-819. doi: 10.7507/1672-2531.20080182 复制

1.	Kessler RC, Sonnega A, Bromer E, et al. Posttraumatic stressdisorder in the national comorbidity survey. Arch Gen Psychiatry, 1995, 52(12): 1048-1060.
2.	Goenjian AK, Najarian LM, Pynoos RS, et al. Posttraumatic stressdisorder in elderly and younger adults after the 1988 earthquake inArmenia. Am J Psychiatry, 1994, 151: 895-901.
3.	David D, Mellman TA, Mendoza LM, et al. Psychiatric morbidityfollowing Hurricane Andrew. J Trauma Stress, 1996, 9: 607-612.
4.	Madakasira S, O’Brien KF. Acute posttraumatic stress disorder invictims of a natural disaster. J Nerv Ment Dis, 1987, 175: 286-290.
5.	American Psychiatric Association. Chief Editor. Diagnosticand Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-Ⅳ), 4th ed., Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press, 1994: 424-429.
6.	American Psychiatric Association.Chief Editor. Diagnosticand Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders(DSM-Ⅳ), 4th ed., Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press, 1994.
7.	姜荣环, 马弘. 急性应激障碍的研究现状. 国际精神病学杂志, 2007, 34(3): 147-149.
8.	汪向东, 赵丞智, 新福尚隆, 等. 地震后创伤性应激障碍的发生率及其影响因素. 中国心理卫生杂志, 1999, 13(1): 28-30.
9.	Tang CS. Trajectory of Traumatic Stress Symptom in the Aftermathof Extreme Natural Disaster. J Nerv Ment Dis, 2007, 195(1): 54-59.
10.	Soldatos CR. Paparrigopoulos TJ, Pappa, DA, et al. Early posttraumaticstress disorder in relation to acute stress reaction: An ICD-10 study among help seekers following an earthquake. Psychiatry Res, 2006, 143: 245-253.
11.	Brauchle G. Incidence and reaction related predictors of the acuteand posttraumatic stress disorder in disaster workers. J Z PsychosomMed Psychother, 2006, 52: 52-62.
12.	Harvey AG, Bryant RA. Acute stress disorder across traumapopulations. J Nerv Ment Dis, 1999, 187: 443-446.
13.	Harvey AG, Bryant RA. Two 2 year prospective evaluation of therelationship between acute stress disorder and posttraumatic stressdisorder following mild traumatic brain injury. Am J Psychiatry, 2000, 157: 626-628.
14.	Walker EA, Newman E, Dobie DJ, et al. Validation of the PTSDchecklist in an HMO sample of women. J Ann Gen Hosp Psychiatry, 2002, 24(6): 375-380.
15.	Dobie DJ, Kivlahan DR, Maynard C, et al. Posttraumatic stressdisorder in female veterans: association with self-reported healthproblems and functional impairment. Arch Intern Med, 2004, 164(4): 394-400.
16.	Lang A riel J, Laffaye Charlene, Satz Leslie E, et al. Sensitivity andspecificity of the PTSD checklist in detecting PTSD in femaleveterans in primary care. J Trauma Stress, 2003, 16(3): 257-264.
17.	Dobie DJ, Kivlahan DR, Maynard C, et al. Screening for posttraumaticstress disorder in female Veteran’s Affairs patients: validation of the PTSD checklist. Gen Hosp Psychiatry, 2002, 24(6):367-374.

1. Kessler RC, Sonnega A, Bromer E, et al. Posttraumatic stressdisorder in the national comorbidity survey. Arch Gen Psychiatry, 1995, 52(12): 1048-1060.
2. Goenjian AK, Najarian LM, Pynoos RS, et al. Posttraumatic stressdisorder in elderly and younger adults after the 1988 earthquake inArmenia. Am J Psychiatry, 1994, 151: 895-901.
3. David D, Mellman TA, Mendoza LM, et al. Psychiatric morbidityfollowing Hurricane Andrew. J Trauma Stress, 1996, 9: 607-612.
4. Madakasira S, O’Brien KF. Acute posttraumatic stress disorder invictims of a natural disaster. J Nerv Ment Dis, 1987, 175: 286-290.
5. American Psychiatric Association. Chief Editor. Diagnosticand Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-Ⅳ), 4th ed., Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press, 1994: 424-429.
6. American Psychiatric Association.Chief Editor. Diagnosticand Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders(DSM-Ⅳ), 4th ed., Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press, 1994.
7. 姜荣环, 马弘. 急性应激障碍的研究现状. 国际精神病学杂志, 2007, 34(3): 147-149.
8. 汪向东, 赵丞智, 新福尚隆, 等. 地震后创伤性应激障碍的发生率及其影响因素. 中国心理卫生杂志, 1999, 13(1): 28-30.
9. Tang CS. Trajectory of Traumatic Stress Symptom in the Aftermathof Extreme Natural Disaster. J Nerv Ment Dis, 2007, 195(1): 54-59.
10. Soldatos CR. Paparrigopoulos TJ, Pappa, DA, et al. Early posttraumaticstress disorder in relation to acute stress reaction: An ICD-10 study among help seekers following an earthquake. Psychiatry Res, 2006, 143: 245-253.
11. Brauchle G. Incidence and reaction related predictors of the acuteand posttraumatic stress disorder in disaster workers. J Z PsychosomMed Psychother, 2006, 52: 52-62.
12. Harvey AG, Bryant RA. Acute stress disorder across traumapopulations. J Nerv Ment Dis, 1999, 187: 443-446.
13. Harvey AG, Bryant RA. Two 2 year prospective evaluation of therelationship between acute stress disorder and posttraumatic stressdisorder following mild traumatic brain injury. Am J Psychiatry, 2000, 157: 626-628.
14. Walker EA, Newman E, Dobie DJ, et al. Validation of the PTSDchecklist in an HMO sample of women. J Ann Gen Hosp Psychiatry, 2002, 24(6): 375-380.
15. Dobie DJ, Kivlahan DR, Maynard C, et al. Posttraumatic stressdisorder in female veterans: association with self-reported healthproblems and functional impairment. Arch Intern Med, 2004, 164(4): 394-400.
16. Lang A riel J, Laffaye Charlene, Satz Leslie E, et al. Sensitivity andspecificity of the PTSD checklist in detecting PTSD in femaleveterans in primary care. J Trauma Stress, 2003, 16(3): 257-264.
17. Dobie DJ, Kivlahan DR, Maynard C, et al. Screening for posttraumaticstress disorder in female Veteran’s Affairs patients: validation of the PTSD checklist. Gen Hosp Psychiatry, 2002, 24(6):367-374.

《中国循证医学杂志》

汶川地震极重灾区780名受灾群众心理状况调查

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《中国循证医学杂志》

汶川地震极重灾区780名受灾群众心理状况调查

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